5 Kinds of Adverbs | Formation of Adverbs

5 Kinds of Adverbs: 

What is an adverb? 

A word which adds something  to the meanings of verb , Adjectives , or another adverb is called adverb .

Example; 

#The boys read loudly.           (Loudly)
# Ali went yesterday .          ( yesterday )



 An adverb may be divided into different  kinds according to their meaning : 
Let's descuss one by one with examples:

•  Adverb of time:

The adverb of time show (When) 
# she go there daily . 
# I hurt my finger yesterday .
# I have spoken  to him already.

•  Adverb of place: 

Adverb of place show (where)
# stand there .
# my brother is out.
# he jumped  down.
# come here.

•  Adverb of manner : 

Adverb of manner ( how or what manner)
# john speaks fluently.
# she works hard.
# He slept  soundly.

•  Adverb of Frequency.

Adverb  of frequency show ( how often).
# called him again.
# Boss warned  them twice.
# he always try to do his best.

•  Adverb  of Quantity: 

Adverb  of quantity show ( how much) 
# he is very happy. 
# she is too careless.
# I am rather busy.

   /// The use of Adverbs ///

Adverbs are divided into three classes. 

** Simple Adverb: 
** Relative Adverb: 
** Interrogative Adverb:

(1) Simple Adverb : 

                                 It is used to modify the meaning  of a verb, an adjective or an adverb and it is modifies some word.
# I can hardly believe it.
# you are quite  wrong.

(2) Relative  adverb: 

Relative adverbs refer back to a noun as their antecedent and it is not only modifies  some word, but also refers back to some antecedent.

# I remember  the town where i was born.

(3) Interrogative  adverb: 

Interrogative  adverbs used to asked  questions and it is not only modifies some word, nut also introduces a question. 

# why are you laughing?

# where is your house?

Some  adverbs are the same in form as the corresponding  Adjectives: 

Some words are used sometimes as Adjectives and sometimes  as Adverb.

# This is a hard some.           (Adjective )

# She works hard all day.       ( Adverb )

# He spoke in a loud voice.   ( Adjective )

# Don't talk so loud.                (Adverb )

 

 /// Comparison of Adverbs///

""""  Like Adjectives , some adverbs have three degrees of comparison. Such adverbs  are generally  compared like adjectives. 

   """ If the Adverb is of one syllable , we form the comparative by ending (er ) and the Superlative by adding ( est ) to the positive .

Example: 

                Long           longer         longest
                Fast             faster          fastest

# John ran fast.                       ( positive )
#  Raza ran faster.                 ( comparitive )
# Ali ran Fastest.                    ( superlative )

""" Adverbs ending in ( ly ) form the comparative by adding more and the superlative  by adding  most; 
   Skilfully     more skilfully      most skilfully 
# Ali played skilfully.                    ( Positive )
# Raja played more skilfully.   (comparative)
# Hameed played most skilfully. . . . 

 ( superlative )

   //// Formation of Adverbs/////

•  Adverb of Manner are mostly formed from Adjectives by the adding ( ly );
e.g .  ( cleaver   ,     cleaverly )
          ( kind        ,      kkndly )

•  when the Adjectives ends in (y) followed  by a consonant , then change (y) into (i) and add ( ly ) at the end: 
e.g  ( happy    , happily )

•  when the Adjectives end in (le)  then change (e ) into (y ). 
e.g.   (  single          ,   singly ) 

•  The Adverb sometimes  go togather , joined by the conjunction;

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# again and again.
# far and wide.
# first and foremost.